Multiple Organ Failure Following Near Fatal Exertional Heat Stroke.

We describe the clinical features of a patient with near-fatal heat stroke who was admitted to our intensive care unit. A 14-year-old girl became convulsive and hyperthermic when participating in a strenuous hike under direct sunlight in a hilly area in Venezuela on a very hot and humid day. During the following days, she developed multiple organ failure, including neurological impairment, acute renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and extensive hepatic and muscle damage. Treatment consisted of ventilatory support, hemodialysis, corticosteroids, and enteral nutrition. This case of multiple organ failure following near-fatal heat stroke illustrates that although there are no specific techniques and measures for the treatment of this condition, intensive care management and conservative strategies can result in patient survival and complete recovery.

Insuficiencia hepática fulminante debida a golpe de calor

Presentamos un caso de "golpe de calor" (GC) grave complicado de insuficiencia hepática fulminante, admitido a la UCI del Instituto Médico la Floresta (IMLF). Se trataba de una paciente de 14 años de edad que se encontraba realizando ejercicios de montañismo en San Juan de los Morros (Venezuela), en un día de mucho calor y humedad. La paciente presentó en forma brusca un cuadro de convulsiones tónico-clónicas generalizadas e hipertermia, seguido de coma profundo. Durante los días siguientes fue desarrollando falla multiorgánica progresiva caracterizada por insuficiencia renal aguda, coagulación intravascular diseminada (CID) e insuficiencia hepática fulminante (IHF). El tratamiento consistió en asistencia ventilatoria mecánica, corticoesteroides y nutrición enteral. La paciente sobrevivió y recuperó las funciónes hepática, renal, y neurológica después de 3 semanas. Hasta ahora solo han sido reportados 3 casos de IHF secundaria a GC. Este caso ilustra que a pesar de la gravedad de la IHF con falla multiorgánica, la paciente sobrevivió con solo las medidas de soporte vital actualmente disponibles en las UCI.

We present a case of a young female patient, admitted to our ICU with a heat stroke (HS) while she was practicing trekking in San Juan de Los Morros (Venezuela) during a hot day with high humidity. The patient had generalized convulsions and hyperthermia followed by coma. During the following days she presented multiple organ failure, including renal failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and fulminant hepatic failure (FHF). The treatment consisted of mechanical ventilatory assistance, corticosteroids, enteral nutrition and other vital supporting measures in the ICU. Up to now there have been published only three cases of FHF following exertional HS. The patient survived and recovered normal hepatic, renal and neurological function after 3 weeks of conservative treatment. This case of FHF demonstrates that in spite of the severity of the FHF and multiple organ failure, the patient survived only with the supporting measures currently available in the ICU.